Hen Health

Signs your hen is unwell: a health monitoring checklist for backyard keepers

7 min read ยท Roost & Record Co.

Chickens are masters at hiding illness. In the wild, a sick or weak bird attracts predators, so evolution has made them very good at looking normal until they really can't any more. By the time a hen is visibly and obviously unwell, she's often been struggling for days or longer.

The good news is that if you know what to look for โ€” and you're observant enough to notice small changes โ€” you can catch most problems early. This checklist covers the key things to check during your daily visits.

โš ๏ธ When to call a vet immediately:

Laboured breathing, bright blood anywhere, seizures, a hen that can't stand, or any sudden death in your flock. Don't wait โ€” these need urgent attention.

Daily visual checklist

๐Ÿ‘๏ธ
Eyes
โœ“ Bright, clear, alert
โš  Watch for:
Closed, sunken, watery, or swollen
๐Ÿ”ด
Comb & wattles
โœ“ Bright red, plump, upright
โš  Watch for:
Pale, blue-tinged, shrunken, or covered in white/yellow spots
๐Ÿชถ
Feathers
โœ“ Smooth and sleek against the body
โš  Watch for:
Ruffled up when it's not cold, bare patches, dull and flat-looking
๐Ÿ”
Posture & movement
โœ“ Upright, engaged, moving with the flock
โš  Watch for:
Hunched, tail down, standing apart from the flock, reluctant to move
๐Ÿ’ฉ
Droppings
โœ“ Dark firm portion with white urate cap
โš  Watch for:
Watery, bloody, bright yellow, green with no food reason, or very smelly
๐ŸŒฌ๏ธ
Breathing
โœ“ Quiet and easy โ€” you shouldn't notice it
โš  Watch for:
Wheezing, clicking, gurgling, open-mouth breathing, or stretching neck up to breathe
๐ŸŒพ
Eating & drinking
โœ“ Steady appetite, normal water intake
โš  Watch for:
Not going to the feeder, or drinking excessively
๐Ÿ“ฆ
Crop
โœ“ Empty in the morning, full in the evening
โš  Watch for:
Still full and firm in the morning (before eating), or squishy and bad-smelling
๐Ÿฆต
Feet & legs
โœ“ Clean, smooth leg scales, no swelling
โš  Watch for:
Swollen toe joints, scabby patches on the sole of the foot (bumblefoot), scaliness on the legs
โš–๏ธ
Weight
โœ“ Keel bone present but with a little flesh either side
โš  Watch for:
Keel bone very prominent โ€” hen is light when you pick her up

The early warning you often miss: egg production dip

A hen that's going off colour will often reduce or stop laying before any other sign appears. If one of your girls has stopped producing and it's not a moult, not winter, and she's not broody โ€” that's worth investigating.

This is one of the most practical reasons to track individual hen production. When you know Pearl normally lays 5 eggs a week and she's only managed 2 this week, you know to give her a closer look.

Keeping records speeds up treatment

When you do need to call a vet, having records of when symptoms started, what you've tried, and how long it's been going on makes a real difference. Vets can make a much better assessment with a history.

The Health Records module in Roost & Record Co. lets you log symptoms, treatments, and follow-up dates for each hen individually, with space for photos and vet notes. It takes two minutes to fill in and can be genuinely useful when it matters most.

๐Ÿฉบ

Keep health records for every hen

Log symptoms, treatments, and follow-ups โ€” all in one place.

Try free for 7 days โ†’